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1. According to markedness theory, the structure of the English NP “sophisticated lexis” is: head-initial. head-final. marked. head-medial.

2. Time of day on a 12-hour clock is an example of a(n) _____________ measurement scale. interval. rational. qualitative. ordinal.

3. According to Zipf’s law, the second most common frequency on a word list will occur ____ as often as the first, the third most common frequency will occur _____ as often as the first, and the fourth will occur about ____ as often as the second word. 1/2 1/3 1/2. 1/2 1/2 1/2. 1/3 1/2 1/2. 1/2 1/3 1/4.

6. “The ratio is calculated for the first 1,000 running words, then calculated afresh for the next 1,000, and so on to the end of your text or corpus. A running average is computed, which means that you get an average type/token ratio based on consecutive 1,000-word chunks of text.” This procedure corresponds to the calculation of what stylometric measure?. SSTR. DCG. Zipp's law. average sentence length.

7. Which measures of central tendency are adequate for rational scales?. Only the mode. Only the mean. Mode and median. Mode mean and median.

10. “The baby watched the dog with one eye.” What kind of ambiguity arises from this sentence?. semantic. syntatic. lexical. Both b and c are correct.

11. In research, if there is an existing relation between independent and dependent variables and we accept the alternative hypothesis, we have made _____________________ . the right decision. type i error. type ii error. value judgement.

14. According to the theory of syntactic markedness, syntactic attachment to verbal or non-verbal heads is the markedness contrast for ______________. adjective phrases. modifier pharses. verb phrases. prepositional phrases.

16. The process of lying is complex, because three main types of activity are involved. One of the components of emotional activity is ___________ , responsive to conditioned and unconditioned reward cues, regulating approach behaviors associated to excitement. BAS. BIS. cognitive activity. FFFS.

20. Among other phrases, the sentence “Markedness may pervade many other forms of cultural artifact” contains _____________________. a) a marked NP and a marked Modifier Phrase. b) a marked VP and a marked NP. c) a marked Adjective Phrase and a marked PP. d) an unmarked Adjective Phrase and a marked PP.

21. Chaski’s Writing Sample Database (2005), created for authorship attribution and other forensic purposes, is a collection of writings on particular topics designed to elicit several genres such as…. poetry. novel. threat letter. none of above is correct.

27. In Corpus Query Language (Sketch Engine), the query "he"|"she"|"him"|[word="her" & tag!="ppz"] would retrieve the English feature…. a) All 3rd pers. personal pronouns. b) 3rd pers. personal pronouns other than ‘her’. c) 3rd pers. personal pronouns other than ‘it’. d) All 3rd pers. possessive pronouns.

29. In BYU-BNC, there is a search string that would retrieve words like “breaking”, “heartbreak”, “breakout”, and “break”, to name but a few. Choose the right search string from the options below: a)*break*. b) ?break*. c) *break. d) break*.

31. Before Chomsky, linguists of the structuralist tradition like Saussure, Jakobson, and Bloomfield adopted a methodology that was essentially…. a) “impressionistic”, because they started to rely on intuitions as evidence. b) “corpus-based”, in the sense that it was empirical and based on observed data. c) “corpus-based”, because they started to rely on intuitions as evidence. d) None of the above is correct.

40. Choose the correct statement regarding empathy: a) There is a single form of empathy identified and researched by psychologists: cognitive empathy. b) The three primary forms of empathy that have been identified and researched by psychologists are emotional empathy, cognitive empathy, and linguistic empathy. c) There is a single form of empathy identified and researched by psychologists: emotional empathy. d) The two primary forms of empathy that have been identified and researched by psychologists are cognitive empathy and emotional empathy.